carve

英 [kɑːv] 美[kɑrv]

GRECET6TEM4CET4IELTS考研TOEFL中低频词核心词汇

第三人称单数: carves;过去式: carved;过去分词: carved;现在分词: carving;

carve..........刻物....................雕刻

carve 雕刻

来自PIE *sker, 砍，切，刻，词源同graph ,shear ,scribe.

carve: carve: [OE] Originally, carve meant simply ‘cut’. That sense died out in the 16th century, leaving the more specialized ‘cut or incise decoratively’ and later ‘cut up meat at table’. Related words in other Germanic languages, such as Dutch kerven, point to a prehistoric West Germanic *kerfan, which is probably ultimately linked to Greek gráphein ‘write’ (source of English graphic), whose original notion was ‘scratch or incise on a surface’.
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carve (v.): Old English ceorfan (class III strong verb; past tense cearf, past participle corfen) "to cut, cut down, slay; to carve, cut out, engrave," from West Germanic *kerfan (cognates: Old Frisian kerva, Middle Dutch and Dutch kerven, German kerben "to cut, notch"), from PIE root *gerbh- "to scratch," making carve the English cognate of Greek graphein "to write," originally "to scratch" on clay tablets with a stylus.

Once extensively used, most senses now usurped by cut (v.). Meaning specialized to sculpture, meat, etc., by 16c. Related: Carved; carving. Original strong conjugation has been abandoned, but archaic carven lingers.

1. He wanted to go into the street and carve someone's face up.: 他想上街去把别人的脸刮花。

2. He is hoping to carve out a much greater role for himself.: 他希望能争取到更重要的角色。